The CENTROID (G) of a triangle is the common intersection
of the three medians. A median of a triangle is the segment from
a vertex to the midpoint of the opposite side.
The ORTHOCENTER (H) of a triangle is the common
intersection of the three lines containing the altitudes. An
altitude is a perpendicular segment from a vertex to the line
of the opposite side. (Note: the foot of the perpendicular may
be on the extension of the side of the triangle.) It should be
clear that H does not have to be on the segments that are the
altitudes. Rather, H lies on the lines extended along the altitudes.
The CIRCUMCENTER (C) of a triangle is the point
in the plane equidistant from the three vertices of the triangle.
Since a point equidistant from two points lies on the perpendicular
bisector of the segment determined by the two points, C is on
the perpendicular bisector of each side of the triangle. Note:
C may be outside of the triangle.
The INCENTER (I) of a triangle is the point
on the interior of the triangle that is equidistant from the
three sides. Since a point interior to an angle that is equidistant
from the two sides of the angle lies on the angle bisector, then
I must be on the angle bisector of each angle of the triangle.
Creation of an EQUILATERAL
TRIANGLE
($).
Creation of a SQUARE, given ($).
TRISECTION of a line segment (#*).
Dividing a line
segment into 4
CONGRUENT PIECES
($).
Dividing a line
segment into 5
CONGRUENT PIECES
(#*).
Note (#*): You must
highlight 3 points in GSP. The second two points must comprise
the line segment that you desire to trisect. The first one makes
no difference to the trisecting.