The third type of lune is constructed with a circle circumscribing a
square. We begin with the square ABCD and it's diagonals
AC and BD with intersection O1.
Now, we construct a circle whose center is O1 and radius AO1.
Next we find the midpoint, O2, of AB and construct a second
circle with
center O2 and radius AO2.
Now the lune we are seeking is the area of circle O2 that is
not
contained within circle O1.
Now we will prove that this yellow lune is in fact quadrable by showing
that it is equal in area to triangle ABO1, which we know is
quadrable since all triangles are squareable. Begin by looking at
triangle ABC. We know that angle ABC is a
right angle and that AB=BC so we can use the pythagorean theorem to say
that (AC)2=(AB)2+(BC)2=2(AB)2.
Now let's look at the ratio of the
area of the sector AFB with the area of ABC. Area(AFB)=(pi)(AB)2
and Area(ABC)=(pi)(2)(AB)2, so the ratio of
Area(AFB):Area(ABC)=1:2. This implies that the area of the
quadrant AEBO1 is half the area of the semicircle ABC,
therefore the
area of the semicircle AFB is equal to the area of quadrant
AEBO1. So we have that
Area(AFB)-Area(AEBO1)=Area(AEBO1)-Area(AEBO2).
Therefore
Area(LuneAFBE)=Area(TriangleABO1) giving us that the lune is
in face
quadrable.
To view an interactive GSP sketch of this lune click here.