Notes on a Derivation of

the Polar form of Conic Equations

by

Jim Wilson


Recall that a point on a conic graph is a distance r from the focus and a distance kr from a directrix. If k< 0 an ellipse is obtained. For k = 1, the parabola is obtained. For k > 1 the result is the hyperbola. Let the focus be at the origin and and the directrix be a vertical line at - p, where p>0.

 

The distance from a point on the conic to the vertical line p can be expressed as

Now from the definition of conics

[Note: Use this equation to explore graphs using Graphing Calculator 3.5. This program does not require solving for r first.]

Now, solve for r. The polar form of a conic results.

The other forms of the equation can be found by considering cases where the vertical line is at +p or where horizontal lines at +p or - p are considered.


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